Please see my comment to the answer. I believe what you are asking about is reduced to the problem of creating of a custom HTTP handling module. Please see:
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/ms227673%28v=vs.100%29.aspx[
^],
http://www.iis.net/learn/develop/runtime-extensibility/developing-iis-modules-and-handlers-with-the-net-framework[
^],
Writing Http Handlers and Modules in IIS 7.5[
^].
I don't know if it fits you idea. It might not, if your idea behind was simplicity, if you imagine that there should be more direct and "simple" was than using, say, ASP.NET. But then you should
consider the philosophy of an HTTP server. What would you do if you designed an HTTP server code to make it usable? Probably, you would organize handling of Web requests and responses in some basic way. What is that? Apparently, mapping some part of the server host's file system (starting from the root set up for a particular site) directly to HTTP requests and response. You would add some HTTP headers (first of all, "content-type") to the HTTP response using some configurable rules (mostly based on file name pattern) and then, after the headers, the verbatim file content would follow.
What's on top of it? Server-side technologies: routing, URL renames, server-side includes and all those scripting engines. They all are independent enough: they interpret HTTP requests and generated HTTP responses, according to some artifact (resources) stored in the server's host file system, in some ways different from the default described in my previous paragraph. So, they have to be some modules.
It would be pointless to provide a separate HTTP hooking mechanism, because such mechanism is already provided by the modular architecture.
So, even if I'm missing something here and such "separate" hooking mechanism does exist, I still provided some rationale for not looking further. :-)
[EDIT]
I did not know that you have an article on HTTP server's creation, but the fact that you have it should make my considerations even more apparent. :-)
—SA